Do you know, Training Within Industry (TWI) is a program created by US Government during World War II to support the war production effort when millions of non-military personnel (civilians) were needed to be quickly trained to do production jobs as soldiers went off to war. By the end of World War II  over 1.6 million workers in over 16,500 plants had been trained and certified. The objective of TWI is to deliver a better-skilled workforce, improved labor and management relations, productivity improvements and a focus on continuous improvement. However, following the World War and the shutdown of government program, TWI faded away and took a hold at Toyota in Japan and it is said to have influenced the Toyota Production Systems development.Â